What Do Hedgehogs Eat?

刺猬都吃些什么？

https://www.thesprucepets/what-do-hedgehogs-eat-4588705

2019-06-23

hedgehog：英 [ˈhedʒhɒɡ] 美 [ˈhedʒhɔːɡ] a **all brown European animal with stiff parts like needles (called spines ) covering its back. Hedgehogs are nocturnal (= active mostly at night) and can roll into a ball to defend themselves when they are attacked. 刺猬（小型棕色动物，背后有刺，昼伏夜出，受到攻击时会滚成球形自卫）

1）Pet hedgehogs are unique in both their appearance and their care as a **all pet. Being insectivores, hedgehogs need nutrients that may not be found in many other pet foods. Historically, cat food was often used to feed these spiky pocket pets, but there are also quality hedgehog foods that provide ideal nutritional components for a hedgehog to eat. By knowing what a hedgehog should be eating you can make better food decisions for your pet.

作为一种小宠物，宠物刺猬不仅外貌与众不同，护理方式也与众不同。刺猬是食虫动物，它所需要的营养在好多宠物食物里可能是找不到的。以前，猫粮常被用来喂刺猬，但也有优质的刺猬食物能给刺猬提供营养成分。知道了刺猬应该吃什么之后，您才能给您的宠物做更好的饮食决定。

insectivore： [ɪnˈsektɪvɔː(r)] any animal that eats insects 食虫动物

carnivore：[ˈkɑːnɪvɔː(r)] any animal that eats meat 食肉动物

her**vore：英 [ˈhɜːbɪvɔː(r)] 美 [ˈɜːrbɪvɔːr] any animal that eats only plants

食草动物；草食动物

omnivore：英 [ˈɒmnɪvɔː(r)] 美 [ˈɑːmnɪvɔːr] an animal or a person that eats all types of food, especially both plants and meat 杂食动物；杂食的人

vegetarian：英 [ˌvedʒəˈteəriən] 美 [ˌvedʒəˈteriən] a person who does not eat meat or fish 素食者；吃素的人

2）Hedgehogs are considered either omnivores or insectivores, depending on the source referenced. If you look at the actual diet of a hedgehog you'll see that the omnivore description is probably a more accurate one since hedgehogs in the wild will eat a variety of foods, not just insects. Different species of hedgehogs will have slightly varied diets depending on the part of the world they are from, but most pet hedgehogs are African Pygmy hedgehogs so being a hybrid, their diet isn't exactly the same as a wild hedgehog.

刺猬常被认为要么是杂食动物要么是食虫动物，这取决于引用的信息来源。 如果你看过刺猬吃的食物，你会明白：杂食动物的描述可能更为贴切，因为野生刺猬吃多种多样的食物，而不仅仅是昆虫。不同物种的刺猬的食物也有稍许不同，这跟它们生活的地域有关。 但是大多数的宠物刺猬是非洲侏儒刺猬，它是一种杂种动物，它们的饮食与野生刺猬不完全一样。

African Pygmy hedgehog：英 [ˈæfrɪkən ˈpɪɡmi ˈhedʒhɒɡ] 美 [ˈæfrɪkən ˈpɪɡmi ˈhedʒhɔːɡ] 非洲侏儒刺猬

hybrid：英 [ˈhaɪbrɪd] an animal or plant that has parents of different species or varieties 杂种动物；杂交植物；杂种

eg.: A mule is a hybrid of a male donkey and a female horse.

骡子是公驴和母马交配而生的杂种动物。

3）Hedgehogs have the unique a**lity to digest chitin from insects. Chitin is found in the hard exoskeleton of insects and is primarily a protein source but also provides some fiber. Chitin is a necessary component to a hedgehog's diet but it isn't the only thing a hedgehog needs from its food, so various items should be fed in addition to insects.

刺猬有一种独特的能力，它能消化昆虫的甲壳质。甲壳质位于昆虫的坚硬的外壳里，主要含有蛋白质，还有一些脂肪。甲壳质是刺猬饮食中一个必要的部分，但不是唯一的，所以刺猬除了吃虫子之外，还需要吃多种东西。

chitin n. a tough semitransparent horny substance甲壳质；壳多糖；几丁质（一种硬的半透明的角质）

• 甲壳质(C8H13O5N)n，又称甲壳素、几丁质，英文名Chitin。1811年法国学者布拉克诺(Braconno)发现，1823年由欧吉尔(Odier)从甲壳动物外壳中提取。
• 淡米黄色至白色，溶于浓盐酸/磷酸/硫酸/乙酸,不溶于碱及其它有机溶剂,也不溶于水。甲壳质的脱乙酰基衍生物(Chitosan derivatives)壳聚糖（chitosan）不溶于水，可溶于部分稀酸。
• 甲壳素应用范围很广泛，在工业上可做布料、衣物、染料、纸张和水处理等。在农业上可做*虫剂、植物抗病*剂。渔业上做养鱼饲料。化妆品美容剂、毛发保护、保湿剂等。医疗用品上可做隐形眼镜、人工皮肤、缝合线、人工透析膜和人工血管等。——百度百科

9-1: Mealworms - Live or freeze-dried mealworms are a good source of chitin for hedgehogs. Live worms also provide a good source of mental stimulation since they move around and make a hedgehog have to work a little harder to catch its food.

黄粉虫——— 活的或是冷冻干燥保存的黄粉虫对刺猬来说是一个很好的甲壳质的来源。活的黄粉虫还能给刺猬来一场脑力激荡，因为它们到处跑，让刺猬不得不辛苦一点才能捉到食物。

mealworm： 英 [ˈmiːlwɜːm] 美 [ˈmiːlwɜːrm] n.the larva of beetles of the family Tenebrionidae 大黄粉虫幼体(用作宠物鸟食)

Freeze-dried food has been preserved by a process of rapid freezing and drying. (食物)冷冻干燥保存的

9-2: Waxworms - Live waxworms are higher in fat but lower in chitin content than mealworms so these should be saved as treats for hedgehogs.

蜡虫（白蜡虫）

蜡虫———活蜡虫的脂肪含量较高，甲壳质含量不如黄粉虫，所以白蜡虫只能存起来给刺猬当点心。

9-3: Crickets - Also available live or freeze-dried, crickets provide chitin as well as mental stimulation for a hedgehog. As with other insects, gut-loading should be done prior to feeding crickets to your hedgehog to ensure they are loaded with nutrition.

蟋蟀———活的或冷冻干燥保存的都行，蟋蟀能给刺猬提供甲壳质和脑力激荡。跟其他虫子一样，在给刺猬吃蟋蟀前，要给蟋蟀吃饱喝足，确保养分十足。

9-4: Fruits - Dried fruit should be avoided, but a **all amount of fresh fruit can be offered to your hedgehog as treats. Apples, bananas, berries, and melons are popular choices among hedgehogs.

水果———尽量不要用果干，可以给刺猬少量的新鲜水果当点心：苹果、香蕉、莓、瓜都可以。

9-5: Vegetables - Fresh tomatoes, fresh green beans, and cooked squash are some options that your hedgehog may enjoy. Starchy vegetables, such as corn, potatoes, and carrots should be avoided as well as dried vegetables.

蔬菜———新鲜的西红柿、新鲜的绿豆、煮过的南瓜、西葫芦等都是刺猬爱吃的。玉米、土豆、胡萝卜等淀粉类蔬菜和干菜尽量不要给刺猬吃。

squash：[skwɒʃ] a type of vegetable that grows on the ground. Winter squash have hard skin and orange flesh. Summer squash have soft yellow or green skin and white flesh.南瓜小果（主要种类为笋瓜winter squash和西葫芦summer squash） ——地面上生长的蔬菜，冬天的squash有坚硬的外皮和桔黄色的果肉；夏天的squash有软的黄色或绿色外皮、白色果肉。

starchy vegetables：英 [ˈstɑːtʃi ˈvɛdʒtəb(ə)lz] 美 [ˈstɑːrtʃi ˈvɛdʒtəbəlz] 淀粉质蔬菜

9-6：Cooked meat - High protein, low fat canned dog or cat food as well as cooked chicken can be offered in **all amounts to a pet hedgehog.

熟肉———可以给宠物刺猬一点点高蛋白质、低脂的罐头狗粮或猫粮、以及煮熟的鸡肉。

9-7: Cooked eggs - An occasional **t of scrambled or hard boiled egg is a nice treat that's packed with protein for a hedgehog.

熟鸡蛋———偶尔给刺猬一点点炒鸡蛋或煮鸡蛋也是一个不错的点心，可以给刺猬补充点蛋白质。

scrambled：If you scramble eggs, you break them, mix them together and then heat and stir the mixture in a pan.炒(蛋)

9-8: Pinky mice - If you aren't grossed out by your hedgehog eating a baby mouse, you can offer the occasional pre-killed pinky mouse as a treat.

小老鼠———如果你不反感你家刺猬吃小老鼠的话，你可以是不是的给它一个提前*死的小老鼠当点心。

9-9: Hedgehog or cat kibble - This should be the bulk of your hedgehog's diet. A high quality cat or hedgehog kibble should contain at least 30 percent protein and less than 20 percent fat. Hedgehog food is the ideal diet if it meets these nutritional requirements, but few formulated diets are available that don't include things like raisins and seeds, which are not recommended to feed.

刺猬宠物粮或猫粮———这是刺猬饮食的主要部分。一个优质猫粮或刺猬宠物粮应该含有至少30%的蛋白质、脂肪含量低于20%。如果符合这些营养要求，这种食物就是理想的刺猬食物；但市面上很少有宠物粮食是不含葡萄干和籽类的东西的，而这些是不建议给刺猬吃的。

kibble：coarsely ground grain in the form of pellets (as for pet food)

磨碎的谷物；磨碎的食物（尤指狗食）

bulk: the ~ (of sth) the main part of sth; most of sth 主体；大部分

raisin: [ˈreɪzn] a dried grape , used in cakes, etc. 葡萄干

4）Hedgehogs are prone to obesity, so it is of utmost importance to monitor how much you are feeding it. The hedgehog or cat kibble should make up the majority of the daily diet, and even though a hedgehog is very active at night and burns a lot of energy, you'll want to control how much kibble it gets.

刺猬多胖子，所以时刻关注你给它喂了多少是极为重要的。每天大部分的食物应该是刺猬或猫粮；即使刺猬夜间为活跃、燃烧大量的能量，你还是要控制它能获取的粮食份量。

kibble：coarsely ground grain in the form of pellets (as for pet food)

磨碎的谷物；磨碎的食物（尤指狗食）

5）Each day, one to two tablespoons of kibble should be offered to an ***** hedgehog in addition to a teaspoon of fruits and vegetables and some insects. Larger and very active hedgehogs may need more food, but your hedgehog's weight should be monitored with the use of a baby scale. If there is more than a 10 percent weight gain you should cut back on how much food is offered.

每天在一大勺水果蔬菜和一些虫子之外，应该给成年的刺猬一到两大汤匙磨碎的宠物粗粮。体型较大和非常有活力的刺猬可能需要更多食物，但是应该用一个婴儿称来监督刺猬的体重。如果体重增加10%以上，应该减少它的投食量。

tablespoon ：[ˈteɪblspuːn] a large spoon, used especially for serving food

餐匙，汤匙（大勺子，尤用于分食物）

6）A hedgehog may eat more at night when it is most active and running on its wheel, so don't worry if you don't see it eating much during the day. Any uneaten food should be disposed of the next day to avoid spoilage and fresh water should always be available.

宠物刺猬可能在夜间进食较多，夜间它为活跃、在轮子上跑动，所以如果你看到它白天没怎么吃东西，不要担心。任何没有吃掉的食物在第二天应该被清理掉以防变质，常给它备好干净的水。

spoilage： [ˈspɔɪlɪdʒ] the decay of food which means that it can no longer be used（食物的）变质，**

本材料源自www.thesprucepets，经过本人节选、后期翻译而成，若有翻译的不妥当的地方，欢迎指正